South korea’s generation gap

Values and attitudes are changing in South Korea. Huge structural changes accompanying South Korea’s “compressed modernity” or “hyper modernization” have led to stark value and attitude

changes across generations. Such changes include everything from attitudes toward the LGBT community, levels of support for unification, and thoughts on income inequality. Because of the

historical timing, nature of its development, and the security environment, value change in South Korea has, unsurprisingly, moved along a trajectory different from other industrialized

societies. Direction and pattern of the changes aside, value and attitude changes are afoot. As Christopher Green recently tweeted: “Shifting #attitudes in #ROK; more evidentiary grist for

the mill.” The short _Joongang Ilbo_ article cited in Green’s tweet reports (in Korean) some of the latest data presented by Statistics Korea and the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family

Affairs regarding youth attitudes toward important social issues, such as taking care of aging parents and co-habitation. “Over the last two years, the answer ‘The eldest son and the eldest

daughter-in-law should be the main caretakers’ [for aging parents] decreased from 4.1 percent to 3.2 percent,” the article reports. Instead, “Among South Korea youth (ages 13-24) four out of

five (80.1 percent)” believe that “all children” should share that responsibility. The article goes on, “Regarding the responsibility to provide for elderly parents, 45.4 percent of South

Korean youth think ‘Family, government, and society should care together.’ Thirty-eight percent view it as a family responsibility. Over the last two years, the answer ‘Parents must look

after themselves’ increased from 11 percent to 13.5 percent.” Most significantly, perhaps, are changing attitudes in an otherwise conservative society toward co-habitation before marriage.

“More than half of South Korean youth (56.8 percent) think ‘couples can live together without being married,’ the article reports. However, with regards to having children out of wedlock,

numbers are still relatively low: “26.4 percent, down from three years ago (25.9 percent), think ‘couples can have children outside of marriage.’” The article doesn’t put the numbers into

broader historical context, so it is hard to draw any definitive conclusions. It does, however, show that a traditionally conservative society is changing, and that these changes are

occurring within younger generations.