Genesis, challenges and opportunities for colloidal lead halide perovskite nanocrystals

Lead halide perovskites (LHPs) in the form of nanometre-sized colloidal crystals, or nanocrystals (NCs), have attracted the attention of diverse materials scientists due to their unique

optical versatility, high photoluminescence quantum yields and facile synthesis. LHP NCs have a ‘soft’ and predominantly ionic lattice, and their optical and electronic properties are highly

tolerant to structural defects and surface states. Therefore, they cannot be approached with the same experimental mindset and theoretical framework as conventional semiconductor NCs. In

this Review, we discuss LHP NCs historical and current research pursuits, challenges in applications, and the related present and future mitigation strategies explored.

Q.A.A and L.M. thank the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (grant agreement no. 614897, ERC Consolidator Grant ‘TRANS-NANO’) for funding. M.V.K. is grateful for financial support

by the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (grant agreement no. 306733, ERC Starting Grant ‘NANOSOLID’). We thank N. Stadie for reading the

manuscript.

Nanochemistry Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy

Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa—Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland

Kavli Institute of Nanoscience and Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands

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