A new path uncovers a wrongful conviction

Access through your institution Buy or subscribe > in several disease models it may be caspase 11, rather than caspase > 1, that drives pathological inflammation The authors were

exploring how cholera enterotoxin subunit B (CTB) promotes inflammasome activation in bone marrow-derived macrophages primed with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). They showed that this process

results in the processing of caspase 1 in a manner dependent on NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) and the adaptor protein ASC. However, comparing inflammasome activation in

different mouse strains, they were surprised to find that macrophages from mice of strain 129 did not secrete IL-1β in response to CTB. Screening experiments indicated that strain 129 mice

have a deficient copy of the _Casp11_ gene, and LPS-primed macrophages from caspase 11-deficient C57BL/6 mice also failed to secrete IL-1β in response to CTB, despite responding to canonical

activators of the inflammasome, such as ATP, double-stranded DNA and flagellin. Caspase 11-deficient C57BL/6 macrophages secreted IL-1β following infection with _Francisella tularensis_ or

_Pseudomonas aeruginosa_, but were unable to produce IL-1β after infection with _Escherichia coli_, _Citrobacter rodentium_ or _Vibrio cholerae_. This led the authors to propose the

existence of a non-canonical inflammasome, which activates caspase 1 downstream of caspase 11 engagement. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution ACCESS

OPTIONS Access through your institution Subscribe to this journal Receive 12 print issues and online access $209.00 per year only $17.42 per issue Learn more Buy this article * Purchase on

SpringerLink * Instant access to full article PDF Buy now Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout ADDITIONAL ACCESS OPTIONS: * Log in * Learn about

institutional subscriptions * Read our FAQs * Contact customer support ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPER * Kayagaki, N. et al. Non-canonical inflammasome activation targets caspase-11. _Nature_ 479,

117–121 (2011) Article  CAS  Google Scholar  Download references Authors * Yvonne Bordon View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar RIGHTS AND

PERMISSIONS Reprints and permissions ABOUT THIS ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE Bordon, Y. A new path uncovers a wrongful conviction. _Nat Rev Immunol_ 11, 801 (2011).

https://doi.org/10.1038/nri3120 Download citation * Published: 25 November 2011 * Issue Date: December 2011 * DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nri3120 SHARE THIS ARTICLE Anyone you share the

following link with will be able to read this content: Get shareable link Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Copy to clipboard Provided by the Springer

Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative