Protracted near-solidus storage and pre-eruptive rejuvenation of large magma reservoirs

ABSTRACT Building super-eruptive magma reservoirs in the cold, upper parts of Earth’s crust requires a significant influx of magma over an extended period, sufficient to allow the magma to

accumulate, differentiate and periodically erupt. Some models favour magma storage in a cold non-eruptible state, requiring extensive reactivation of the reservoirs before eruption, whereas

others suggest storage at higher temperature and lower crystallinity, implying that magma in such reservoirs is readily eruptible. Consequently, constraining volcanic hazards requires

observations directly linking magma residence timescales to the thermal state and crystallinity of storage. Here we simultaneously determine crystallization temperatures and ages of magmatic

crystals of zircon and titanite in the 900 km3 Kneeling Nun Tuff (New Mexico, USA), which allows us to place tight constraints on the long-term thermal evolution of the magma reservoir. We

show that zircon and titanite crystals record more than 600,000 years of magma assembly and constrain the dominant storage conditions to low temperatures, set between the granitic solidus

(680 to 700 °C) and the temperature of the onset of titanite crystallization (about 720 to 730 °C). We apply the zircon–titanite systematics to a suite of other super-eruptions and suggest

that protracted low-temperature storage culminating in late-stage reheating is a widespread feature of large crystal-rich eruptions. Access through your institution Buy or subscribe This is

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DRIVEN BY COOL STORAGE OF CRYSTAL-RICH MAGMAS Article Open access 29 October 2022 RESURGENCE INITIATION AND SUBSOLIDUS ERUPTION OF COLD CARAPACE OF WARM MAGMA AT TOBA CALDERA, SUMATRA

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Article  Google Scholar  Download references ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work was supported by Swiss National Science Foundation grant 200021_155923. J.F.W. acknowledges support through the ETH

Zurich Postdoctoral Fellowship Program. The authors are grateful to J. Sliwinski for FCT and MPT zircon trace element data and Y. Buret for help with Hf isotopic analyses. Special thanks are

due to C. Klemp and K. Cook from Freeport-McMoRan Inc. for facilitating access to outcrops near Chino Mine, New Mexico. AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * Department of Earth

Sciences, Institute of Geochemistry and Petrology, ETH Zürich, Clausiusstrasse 25, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland Dawid Szymanowski, Jörn-Frederik Wotzlaw, Ben S. Ellis, Olivier Bachmann, Marcel

Guillong & Albrecht von Quadt Authors * Dawid Szymanowski View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Jörn-Frederik Wotzlaw View author

publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Ben S. Ellis View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Olivier

Bachmann View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Marcel Guillong View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google

Scholar * Albrecht von Quadt View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar CONTRIBUTIONS D.S. and B.S.E. designed the study; D.S., J.F.W. and M.G.

performed the analyses; A.v.Q. provided access to laboratory and analytical facilities; D.S., J.F.W., B.S.E. and O.B. co-wrote the manuscript; all authors contributed to interpretation and

analysis of the data. CORRESPONDING AUTHOR Correspondence to Dawid Szymanowski. ETHICS DECLARATIONS COMPETING INTERESTS The authors declare no competing financial interests. SUPPLEMENTARY

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JF., Ellis, B. _et al._ Protracted near-solidus storage and pre-eruptive rejuvenation of large magma reservoirs. _Nature Geosci_ 10, 777–782 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo3020 Download

citation * Received: 08 December 2016 * Accepted: 04 August 2017 * Published: 11 September 2017 * Issue Date: 01 October 2017 * DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo3020 SHARE THIS ARTICLE

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