Wrinkling of the eye in hybrids between drosophila virilis and drosophila lummei is caused by interaction of maternal and zygotic genes

ABSTRACT Hybrids of _Drosophila virilis_ females and _Drosophila lummei_ males have visible developmental anomalies in external adult structures. Reciprocal hybrids are normal, and the

anomalies are not found in other interspecific F1 hybrids of the _virilis_ subgroup. Antibiotic treatments with ampicillin, streptomycin and tetracycline did not cure the syndrome. The

genetic basis of the wrinkling of the compound eye was analysed in detail. Both male and female F1 progeny of _D. virilis_ mothers were affected, indicating that wrinkling of eyes is

maternally determined. F1 hybrid females produced healthy progeny. Backcross hybrid females (_D. virilis_ × F1) with 16 different combinations of autosomes, either heterozygous or homozygous

for _D. virilis_, were crossed with _D. lummei_ males. It was found that homozygous _D. virilis_ chromosomes 2 and 5 _together_ were necessary to induce the maternal effect. The hybrid

zygote responded to the maternal effect when the chromosomes 2, 4 and/or 5 were heterozygous. Elimination of the small sixth (dot) chromosome of _D. lummei_ from the hybrids was correlated

with the wrinkling of eyes, but was not the cause, as the two phenomena had a different genetic basis and temperature response. Furthermore, the eyes were wrinkled in flies which presumably

had had no _D. lummei_ dot chromosome to lose. SIMILAR CONTENT BEING VIEWED BY OTHERS THE _DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER_ Y-LINKED GENE, _WDY_, IS REQUIRED FOR SPERM TO SWIM IN THE FEMALE

REPRODUCTIVE TRACT Article Open access 12 January 2024 GENOME EDITING OF THE _VERMILION_ LOCUS GENERATES A VISIBLE EYE COLOR MARKER FOR _ONCOPELTUS_ _FASCIATUS_ Article Open access 14 March

2023 DISTINCT GENETIC ARCHITECTURES UNDERLIE DIVERGENT THORAX, LEG, AND WING PIGMENTATION BETWEEN _DROSOPHILA ELEGANS_ AND _D. GUNUNGCOLA_ Article 18 September 2021 ARTICLE PDF REFERENCES *

Alexander, M L. 1976. The genetics of _Drosophila virilis_. In: Ashburner, M. and Novitski, E. (eds) _The Genetics and Biology of Drosophila_, vol. 1C, pp. 1365–1427. Academic Press, London.

Google Scholar  * Barr, A R. 1980. Cytoplasmic incompatibility in natural populations of a mosquito, _Culex pipiens_ L. _Nature_, 283, 71–72. Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Coyne, J A.

1985. Genetic studies of three sibling species of _Drosophila_ with relationship to theories of speciation. _Genet Res Camb_, 46, 169–192. Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Coyne, J A, and

Orr, H A. 1989. Two rules of speciation. In: Otte, D. and Endler, J. A. (eds) _Speciation and its Consequences_, pp. 180–207. Sinnauer Associates Inc., MA, USA. Google Scholar  * Davidson, E

H. 1986. _Gene Activity in Early Development_. Academic Press, Orlando, FL. Google Scholar  * Evgen'Ev, M B, and Sidorova, N V. 1976. Genetic regulation of chromosome behaviour in

interspecific hybrids of _Drosophila_. _Theor Appl Genet_, 48, 55–61. Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Evgen'Ev, M B, Stepanova, N G, Levin, A V, Shilov, A S, and Tchernyshov. 1983. The

molecular nature of the toromere in _Drosophila lummei_ Hackman and its role in chromosome behavior. _Caryologia_, 36, 89–99. Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Hoffmann, A A, and Turelli, M.

1988. Unidirectional incompatibility in _Drosophila simulans_: inheritance, geographic variation and fitness effects. _Genetics_, 119, 435–444. CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar  *

Hoffmann, A A, Turelli, M, and Simmons, G M. 1986. Unidirectional incompatibility between populations of _Drosophila simulans_. _Evolution_, 40, 692–701. Article  Google Scholar  *

Lakovaara, S. 1969. Malt as a culture medium for _Drosophila_ species. _Drosoph Inf Serv_, 44, 128. Google Scholar  * Lumme, J, and Heikkinen, E. 1990. Viability of first and second

generation hybrids of _Drosophila virilis_ and _Drosophila lummei_. _Heredity_, 65, 435–447. Article  Google Scholar  * Mitrofanov, V G, and Sidorova, N V. 1979. Phenogenetic analysis of

chromosome behavior during mitosis in female _Drosophila virilis_ × male _Drosophila lummei_ hybrids. _Genetika_, XV, 1221–1227. (In Russian with an abstract in English.) Google Scholar  *

Mitrofanov, V G, Sidorova, N V, Grigorieva, G A, and Poluektova, E V. 1990. Inversion polymorphism in _Drosophila lummei_ Hackman (_D. littoralis_ Sokolov) and its relation to elimination of

chromosome 6 of _D. lummei_ in the _virilis-lummei_ hybrids. _Genetika_, 26, 58–64. (In Russian with an English abstract.) Google Scholar  * Orr, H A. 1990. Developmental anomalies in

_Drosophila_ hybrids are apparently caused by loss of microchromosome. _Heredity_, 64, 255–262. Article  Google Scholar  * Sidorova, N V. 1974. Changes of the maternal effect in the

_Drosophila_ hybrids at the low temperature. _Ontogenez_, 5, 297–299. (In Russian with an abstract in English.) Google Scholar  * Snedecor, G W, and Cochran, W G. 1967. _Statistical

Methods_. The Iowa State University Press, Ames, IO. Google Scholar  * Sokal, R R, and Rohlf, F J. 1981. _Biometry_ W. H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco, CA. Google Scholar  * Sokolov, N

N. 1948. Elimination of chromosomes in interspecific hybrids of _Drosophila_ and the problems of distant hybridization. _Lectures from the Academy of Sciences, USSR_, 59, 163–166. (In

Russian.) Google Scholar  * Sokolov, N N. 1959. _Cooperation Between Nucleus Cytoplasm and Remote Hybridization of Animals_. Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences, USSR, Moscow, USSR.

(In Russian.) Google Scholar  * Sturtevant, A H. 1920. Genetic studies on _Drosophila simulans._ I. Introduction: Hybrids with _Drosophila melanogaster_. _Genetics_, 5, 488–500. CAS  PubMed

  PubMed Central  Google Scholar  * Throckmorton, L H. 1982. The virilis species group. In: Ashburner, M., Carson, H. L. and Thompson, J. N. (eds) _The Genetics and Biology of Drosophila_,

vol. 3B, pp. 227–296. Academic Press, London. Google Scholar  * Weisbrot, D R. 1963. Studies on differences in the genetic architecture of related species of _Drosophila_. _Genetics_, 48,

1121–1139. CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar  Download references ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work was supported by the Natural Science Research Council (Project 1051049). I thank Jaakko

Lumme and Allen Orr for comments on the manuscript. AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * Department of Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, SF 90570, Finland Erja Heikkinen Authors

* Erja Heikkinen View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS Reprints and permissions ABOUT THIS ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE

Heikkinen, E. Wrinkling of the eye in hybrids between _Drosophila virilis_ and _Drosophila lummei_ is caused by interaction of maternal and zygotic genes. _Heredity_ 66, 357–365 (1991).

https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1991.45 Download citation * Received: 07 August 1990 * Issue Date: 01 June 1991 * DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1991.45 SHARE THIS ARTICLE Anyone you share the

following link with will be able to read this content: Get shareable link Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Copy to clipboard Provided by the Springer

Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative KEYWORDS * evolution * postzygotic isolation * speciation