Origin and nature of carbonaceous material in the galaxy

ABSTRACT ASTRONOMERS generally believe that the carbonaceous material emerging from stars must be in the form of graphite, the most stable condensed form of carbon, and that such emergence

must be confined to situations where the C/O ratio exceeds unity, such as in the atmospheres of carbon stars. We argue here that this state of affairs remains valid for mass flows from stars

of sufficiently low surface temperatures, but it is not correct for low density flows from stars with colour temperatures ≳ 4,000 K (or for oscillatory stars with colour temperatures that

go above 4,000 K for a portion of their cycle). In the latter case we show that carbonaceous material comprised mainly of polysaccharides will be able to condense. Access through your

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Download references AUTHOR INFORMATION Author notes * F. HOYLE Present address: Cockley Moor, Dockray, Penrith, Cumbria * F. HOYLE: Honorary Professorial Fellow. AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS *

Department of Applied Mathematics and Astronomy, University College, P.O. Box 78, Cardiff, UK F. HOYLE & N. C. WICKRAMASINGHE Authors * F. HOYLE View author publications You can also

search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * N. C. WICKRAMASINGHE View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS Reprints and

permissions ABOUT THIS ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE HOYLE, F., WICKRAMASINGHE, N. Origin and nature of carbonaceous material in the galaxy. _Nature_ 270, 701–703 (1977).

https://doi.org/10.1038/270701a0 Download citation * Received: 09 August 1977 * Accepted: 13 October 1977 * Published: 01 December 1977 * Issue Date: 22 December 1977 * DOI:

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